{"id":1125,"date":"2026-07-02T09:53:58","date_gmt":"2026-07-02T01:53:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/onehustle.io\/index.php\/2026\/07\/02\/how-to-build-a-web-crawler\/"},"modified":"2026-07-02T09:53:58","modified_gmt":"2026-07-02T01:53:58","slug":"how-to-build-a-web-crawler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/onehustle.io\/index.php\/2026\/07\/02\/how-to-build-a-web-crawler\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u642d\u5efa\u7f51\u7edc\u722c\u866b\uff1a\u4ece\u96f6\u6784\u5efa Web Crawler \u5b8c\u6574\u6559\u7a0b"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Web Crawler\uff08\u7f51\u7edc\u722c\u866b\uff09\u548c Web Scraper \u4e0d\u540c\u2014\u2014\u722c\u866b\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u5730\u904d\u5386\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u9875\u9762\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u63d0\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u3002\u672c\u6587\u6559\u4f60\u4ece\u96f6\u642d\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u722c\u866b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u722c\u866b vs \u91c7\u96c6\u5668<\/h2>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b80\u5355\u533a\u5206\uff1a\u722c\u866b\uff08Crawler\uff09\u8d1f\u8d23&#8221;\u627e&#8221;\u2014\u2014\u53d1\u73b0\u548c\u904d\u5386\u94fe\u63a5\uff1b\u91c7\u96c6\u5668\uff08Scraper\uff09\u8d1f\u8d23&#8221;\u53d6&#8221;\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u9875\u9762\u63d0\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u3002\u73b0\u5b9e\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u4e24\u8005\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u7ec4\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u722c\u866b\u6838\u5fc3\u7ec4\u4ef6<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>URL \u961f\u5217<\/strong>\uff1a\u5f85\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684 URL \u5217\u8868\uff08FIFO \u6216\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u961f\u5217\uff09<\/li>\n<li><strong>DNS \u89e3\u6790<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c06\u57df\u540d\u8f6c\u4e3a IP \u5730\u5740<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u9875\u9762\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5668<\/strong>\uff1a\u53d1\u9001 HTTP \u8bf7\u6c42\u83b7\u53d6\u9875\u9762\u5185\u5bb9<\/li>\n<li><strong>HTML \u89e3\u6790\u5668<\/strong>\uff1a\u63d0\u53d6\u9875\u9762\u4e2d\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u548c\u6570\u636e<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u91cd\u590d\u68c0\u6d4b<\/strong>\uff1a\u9632\u6b62\u91cd\u590d\u722c\u53d6\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a URL<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5b58\u50a8\u540e\u7aef<\/strong>\uff1a\u4fdd\u5b58\u722c\u53d6\u7ed3\u679c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Python \u5b9e\u73b0\u793a\u4f8b<\/h2>\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>import requests\nfrom bs4 import BeautifulSoup\nfrom urllib.parse import urljoin, urlparse\nfrom collections import deque\n\nclass SimpleCrawler:\n    def __init__(self, start_url, max_pages=100):\n        self.queue = deque([start_url])\n        self.visited = set()\n        self.max_pages = max_pages\n        self.domain = urlparse(start_url).netloc\n\n    def crawl(self):\n        while self.queue and len(self.visited) < self.max_pages:\n            url = self.queue.popleft()\n            if url in self.visited:\n                continue\n            self.visited.add(url)\n            try:\n                html = requests.get(url, timeout=10).text\n                soup = BeautifulSoup(html, \"lxml\")\n                for link in soup.find_all(\"a\", href=True):\n                    full_url = urljoin(url, link[\"href\"])\n                    if urlparse(full_url).netloc == self.domain:\n                        self.queue.append(full_url)\n            except Exception as e:\n                print(f\"Error: {url} - {e}\")<\/code><\/pre>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8fdb\u9636\uff1aScrapy \u722c\u866b<\/h2>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u5efa\u8bae\u7528 Scrapy \u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5b83\u5185\u7f6e\u4e86\u961f\u5217\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u5e76\u53d1\u63a7\u5236\u3001\u53bb\u91cd\u3001\u7f13\u5b58\u7b49\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6bd4\u81ea\u5df1\u4ece\u96f6\u5199\u8981\u7a33\u5b9a\u5f97\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u76f8\u5173\u6559\u7a0b<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/onehustle.io\/index.php\/2026\/07\/02\/web-scraping-guide\/\">\u7f51\u9875\u722c\u866b\u5b8c\u5168\u6307\u5357<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/onehustle.io\/index.php\/2026\/07\/02\/python-web-scraper-tutorial\/\">Python \u722c\u866b\u5165\u95e8\u6559\u7a0b<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Web Crawler\uff08\u7f51\u7edc\u722c\u866b\uff09\u548c Web Scraper \u4e0d\u540c\u2014\u2014\u722c\u866b\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u5730\u904d\u5386\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u9875\u9762\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u63d0\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1125","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/onehustle.io\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1125","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/onehustle.io\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/onehustle.io\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onehustle.io\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onehustle.io\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1125"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/onehustle.io\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1125\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/onehustle.io\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1125"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onehustle.io\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1125"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onehustle.io\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1125"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}